shrub

Elder

Sambucus nigra

Native

Current-climate suitability

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Future-climate resilience

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Sun

Sun or shade

Soil moisture

average, moisture-retentive

Heat tolerance

Up to about 36°C

Cold tolerance

Down to about -28°C

Waterlogging tolerance

4/5

Drought tolerance

3/5

Mature size

3–5 m tall, 3.5 m spread

Seasonal interest

Summer · Cream

Maintenance

low

Wildlife supported

General wildlife value 5/5 (verified species relationships are shown only where structured data exists)

Known risks or warnings

Raw berries and foliage are toxic.

Toxicity: mild

Native status is never inferred from climate similarity. Plants restricted or invasive in a jurisdiction are excluded from recommendations there.

Demonstration data. Climate, plant and retailer records shown here are realistic samples awaiting horticultural validation and live data connections.